BIOLOGY
Introductory Biology
Meaning of Life:/ The molecular basis of life/ continuity of life… Life as an expression of energy../ Steady state and homoestasis, self duplication/ Adaptation/ Death- a positive consequence of life, Positive and negative aspect of progress in biological science, tools and techniques in biological studies ( a brief outline about light and electron microscopy, and uses of chromatography, calorimetry, auto radiography)
Identification of human responsibility in shaping our future.
Cell Biology & Biochemistry
Cell as a unit of life/ cell theory and exception to cell theory/ cell as a self-contained unit/ Commonness of cell/ Concept of cellular totipotency
Cell Types: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes/ Ultra structure of plant and animal cell.
Cellular organelles: their ultra-structure and function/ Biomolecules of the cells, chemistry and functions of Inorganic Minerals, water, gases.
Organic: Mono and oligosaccharides, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol, nucleotides.
Complex organic components: Polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids.
Enzymes: Chemical nature, classification, properties mechanism of action (elementary idea only)
Vitamins: Chemical nature, deficiency diseases, Membrance transport an elementary idea
Cellular respiration: fermentation, biological oxidation (glycolysis, kreb cycle and electron transport system)
Cell cycle, cell division: Mitotic and Meoitic process, differences and significance
Taxonomy
Enormous diversity in living organism and need for their classification, principles of classification and concept of species, taxon and category hierarchical level, nomenclature
System of classification-artificial, natural, phyllogentic and modern trends.
Classification of plant kingdom
Five kingdom concept-a brief idea of different kingdoms.
Diversity of Life: Virus- structure and reproduction; Monera- structure and reproduction of bacteria, cyanobacteria (Anabeana)
Protista
Structure and life history of diatoms
Structure locomotion, nutrition, osmoregulation and reproduction of Amoeba
Life history of malarial parasite
Fungi : a brief account of Zygomycetes, Ascomytes, Basidiomycetes (with special reference to mucor, yeast and Agaricus, Lichen and mycorrhiza)
Plantae: Green algas (chlamydomonous, Red algae and brown algae (general account)
Bryophytes: (Moss-polytrichum); Pteridophytes: (Fern-poly podium); Gymnosperm (pine) and Angiosperm: (General account of their basic features, types and habitats)
Animalia: Animal body pattern and symmetry, Body cavity of invertebrates and vertebrates.
Classification of animal kingdom, important features with reference to habitat and examples of phyla: porifera, coelentrata, helminthes, annelida, mollusca, arthopoda, echinodermata and chordata (including pisces, amphibia, reptilia, aves and mammalia)
Forms and function: Roots, Stem, Leaf (including modification), Phyllotaxy.
Reproduction and development in angiosperm: Asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction structure and function of flower, inflorescence, sporogenesis, gametogenesis, pollination, fertilization, development of embryo, endosperm, seed and fruit, forms of fruit, mechanism of seed dispersal, defensive mechanism.
Tissue in flowering plants-meristematic and permanent tissue, tissue system, secondary growth, typical organization of tissue in stem (example sunflower, maize, curcurbita), root (example monocot and dicot root), leaf (example-isobilateral and dorsiventral)
PHSIOLOGY
(a) water relation of plant life (b) absorption of water and minerals, their transport (ascent of sap) (c) Transpiration-mechanism factor and significance (d) Mineral nutrition-mineral nutrition and its essentially in plants. (e) Photosynthesis-photochemical and biochemical phases, diversity in photosynthetic pathways, Photosynthetic electron transport, photophosphorylation, Photorespiration (brief) (f) Translocation of food (g) Special modes of nutrition in plant (brief) (h) Plant growth (i) Plant hormones and growth-regulation, agricultural use of synthetic hormones (j) Germination and dormancy of seeds. (k) Photoperiodism and vernalization (i) Plant movements- a brief account.
ANIMAL LIFE
(i) Animal tissue, Epithelial, Connective, muscular and nervous
(ii) Nutrition- different types; digestive system and process of digestion in invertebrates (Cockroach)
Digestive- system: of goroi fish, toad and Man; process of digestion and absorption in mammal (with reference to mammal)
Respiratory system: structure of respiratory organs, mechanism of breathing, gaseous transport.
Circulatory system: composition, structure and function of blood, coagulation of blood; group and its significance; blood vessels; structure and pumping action of heart; lymph.
Excretory system: structure and histology of kidney, nephron, its structure and function, composition of urine; role of skin and lung in excretion.
Nervous system: central, peripheral and automatic nervous system, reflex action
Sense organ: an elementary knowledge
Endocrine system: hormones and their function of pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, islet of langherans, adrenal and gonads.
Reproduction and development of animal life: Asexual and sexual reproduction, gametogenesis, reproductive cycle of human; fertilization, a brief account of development up to germinal layers in mammal.
ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LIFE
Origin of life: Oparin and Miller-Urey's experiment.
Organic evolution: evidences of organic evolution (fossil evidences, embryological evidence, evidences from morphology and comparative anatomy) Theories of organic evolution with special reference to Darwin's theory of natural selection elucidating (a) Common ancestry (b) mechanism of variation and natural selection (c) Origin of species, Reproduction and geographic isolation and speciation.
Genetical basis of evolution, Lederbergs' experiment on micro ecolution.
Continuity of Life:
Mendel's experiment with garden pea, idea of factor, laws of inheritance, Monohybrid and dihybrid ratio, incomplete dominance, multiple factor.
Chromosomes: Eukaryotic and prokaryotic and special Chromosomes, function of chromosomes, chromosomal basis of inheritance. Linkage, crossing over and recombination, sex determination and sex-linked-inheritance, human genetics with reference to some genetic diseases & genetic replication.
DNA: as a genetic material, evidence from bacterial transformation and viral replication, structure and replication of DNA, Genetic code and protein synthesis, genetic engineering.
Environmental Biology & Conservation of Nature & Natural Resources: Component and basic features of ecosystem, biotic and abiotic factors, ecological succession, major ecosystems (a brief outline), man-make ecosystem, ecological cries, concept of Biosphere, bio-geochemical cycle, (Carbon, Nitrogen cycle), interdependence of all organisms.
Natural resources: Renewable and nonrenewable and their conservation, importance of forests.
Conservation of wildlife: Causes of extinction of some wild life, concept of endangered species, with reference to some example from NE Region of India, Conservation strategy, Concept of Sanctuary and National Park, Sanctuaries and National Parks of Assam with their wild life, fauna.
Environmental pollution: Air, Water, Soil and Noise pollution.
Application of Biology: Bioenergy, biofertilizer, Industrial microbiology and biotechnology-scope and application, Plant breeding and improvement of crop.
Sources of the following plant resources, their uses with special reference to NE India.
Medicine, Timber and Fibres.
Plant diseases: late blight of potato, rust of wheat, blast of rice, their causative organism, symptoms and control.
Elementary knowledge of fresh water fish culture, induced breeding, sericulture with reference to muga and sericulture.
Human diseases: cholera, amoebiasis, tuberculosis, Hepatitis, AIDS, Leprosy, Cancer, their cause, symptoms and control.
Immunization: Principles and significance.
Human population: Growth, problems and control.
PHYSICS
Units, Dimensions and Dimensional equations Displacement, Speed Velocity, equation of motion, Vector and Scalar quantities composition (addition and subtraction), Resolution vectors and scalar products of Vectors.
Newton's law of motion, centifugal and centripetal force, angular momemtum, conservation of angular momemtum, moment of inertia, definition and expression for ring and circular disc.
Universal law of gravitation, planetary motion Kepler's law, Laws of gravity, free falling bodies, projectile, mass and weight, center of gravity, artificial satellite, orbilat velocity, geostationery satellite.
Concepts of work, energy, power, kinetic and potential energy, other forms of energy, Gravitational potential energy, escape velocity, conservation of energy, elastic and inelastic collision.
The three states of matter in terms of intermolecular binding forces, crystalline structure of solids, idea of lattice and unit cell, Hook's law, bulk and rigidity modulus (concept only).
Surface tension, surface energy, angle of contact, capillary Viscosity phenomena, Stokes law, Benaullis equation.
Liquid pressure, Pascal's Law, principle of working of Hydraulic press, Jacks and Brakes, Buoyancy and Archimedis's principle; floating bodies and condition of equilibrium, specific gravity and density. Atmospheric pressure; barometer, principle of working of lift pump and siphon.
Heat as kinetic energy of molecular motion, distinction between heat and temperature, Kelvin, Absolute temperature, relation with Celsius scale, alcohol thermometer.
Line as surface, volume expansion of solids and their co-efficient measurement, co-efficient of linear expansion, Real and apparent volume expansion of liquid and their coefficient
Units of heat measurement, specific heat, thermal conductivity, water equivalent, determination of specific heat of solid and liquid by the method of mixture, Kinetic theory of gas, origin of gas pressure, concept of temperature from kinetic theory, translation of degrees of freedom, gas equations, specific heat of gases, relation between Cp & Cv.
1st law of thermodynamics, mechanical equivalent of heat, reversible and irreversible process, second law of thermodynamics, Carnot's cycle, concept of entropy, Kirchoff's law, Stefans law, black body radiation, pyrometer.
Simple harmonic motion, amplitude, frequency and time period of Oscillation, graphical and mathematical representation of simple harmonic motion, wave and wave propagation in material medium, Longitudinal and transverse wave, Reflection and refraction of sound velocity, frequency and phase of waves, velocity of sound in air, effect of temperature, pressure and humidity and wind velocity. Phenomena of production of facts, Doppler effect, ultrasonic sound, shock wave, Formation of reverberation, vibration of strings, Law of transverse vibration of string.
Laws of reflection, refraction, optical image formation, refraction through prism, minimum deviation, phenomena of dispersion of light, pure and impure spectrum, continuous and band line spectra, Emission and absorption spectra, Wave theory of light, defraction of light, Huyghen's principle, intereferen of light, Young's double's slit, Fraunhofer defraction, polarization of light.
Definitions of luminous flux, luminous intensity, illumination, Candella, lumen, lux, inverse square of illumination and its verification by Grease Spot photometre.
Camera and Human eye, defects of vision and correction by lenses, Persistance of vision, last distance of distinct vision, simple microaxopwa, compound microscope, magnifying power of microscopes, refracting telescope and reflecting telescope (Newtonion and Cassegrain).
Molecular theory of magnetism, Dia, para and feno-magnetism.
Electric current, thermal effect, Joule's law, See back effect, thermopile and uses for temperature measurement, chemical effect, Faraday's law of electrolysis.
Lenz's law, eddy current, Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, rotating coil in magnetic field, AC Transformer, long distance transmission, Dynomo, motors, self and mutual induction, reactance capacitum, impedence, elementary idea of electromagnetic wave and uses, Kirchoff's law, Ohm's law, Joule's law, electrical power, household electrical appliances.
Seeback effect, Paltier effect, Thomson effect, Thermocouple, Thermopile, Electro chemical equivalent electroplating, Faraday's laws of electrolysis, Thermonic ememission, diode as rectifier, triode as an amplifier
Semiconductor, n-type, p-type crystals, semiconductor diode as rectifier, PNP, NPN type transistor as amplifier, definition of obsercer, Moving frame of reference, Galiean Transformation, Newtonian relativity, principle nature of light (deduction not necessary), Cathode rays, discovery of electron, determination of e/m for electron, Rutherford scattering, Bohr's atom model spectrum of Hydrogen, x-ray production and properties, Cyclotron T.V.
Photoelectric effect, laws of photoelectric emission, dual nature of radition and matter-Broglie relation,
Discovery of radioactivity, emission of LBY radiation, spontaneous disintegration, artificial radioactivity, biological application, units of radioactivity, Radio isotopes and their uses.
Structure of nuclears, mass defect, binding energy, nuclear reaction, chain reaction, controlled chain reaction, fission reactor, fusion energy, generation in the some accelerator, cosmic rays, elementary particles
Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, Ideal gas equation, Avogadro's Law of Molar gas constant, Graham's law of diffusion, Dalton's Law of partial pressure, Avogadro's hypothesis and Number, Mole Concept, gram atom, gram molecular mass, simple calculation based on them, Kinetic theory of gases-postulation (derivation of Kinetic equation is not required), explanation of Boyle's law, Charles' law, Dalton's law, partial pressure, Graham's law of diffusion and Avogadro's law (based on kinetic equation), simple calculation on kinetic equation.
Deviation from ideal behaviour- Vander-Waal's equation, Properties of liquids, elementary idea of vapour pressure, surface tension and viscosity.
The solid state-classification of solids, crystal lattice of ionic compounds and unit cells, packing of constituent particles in Crystal (hcp, bcc and fcc system)
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Electronic configuration, postulates of Bohr's model of Hydrogen atom, Quantam Numbers (qualitative treatment only), wave particle, dualism of matter-de Broglie equation, Uncertainty principle, orbit and orbital, Shape of S and P-orbitals.
Aufbau's principle, Pauli's exclusion principle, Hund's rule- electronic configuration based on them.
PERIODIC CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS
Modern periodic Table, Long form of periodic table-main features, classification into s, p, d, f blocks, Periodicity of property-atomic radii, electro-negativity, electron affinity, Ionization energy (qualitative treatment only), Transitional metals (only 3d series)- Characteristic properties.
CHEMICAL BONDING
Ionic and covalent bond properties, Valence-bond theory, Sigma and Pi-bonds, Hybridization and shapes of simple molecules, VSEPR theory, Molecular orbit, theory of simple diatomic molecules, Polarity of bond, Hydrogen bond, metallic bond, co-ordibnate covalent bond.
CHEMICAL REACTION
First and Second law of thermodynamics, Exothermic and Endothermic reaction, Enthalpy of formation, combustion, fusion, vaporization, Hess's law of Heat summation, Simple calculation, Elementary idea about entropy and free energy, spontaneity of chemical reaction.
CHEMICAL KINECTICS
Rate of chemical reaction, Law of mass action- rate laws and rate constants, Molecularity and order of a reaction, First Order reaction, Factors affecting rates, activation energy, role of catalyst, Simple problems, Effects of temperature on reaction, rate arrhenius equation.
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Dynamic nature, Le-Chatelier's principles, factors affecting state of equilibrium (a) temperature (b) pressure (c) Concentration (d) Catalyst (application manufacture of Ammonia, Sulphuric Acid)SOLUTIONS
Types of solutions, Henry's law and Raoult's Law, colligative properties of dilute solutions, Osmosis, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, Raoulte's law (Derivation not required)SURFACE CHEMISTRY
Adsorption-physical and chemical adsorption, Factors affecting adsorption, Colloids, Emulsions surfactants micelles (definition and examples only)
ELECTRO CHEMISTRY
Electrolysis- Faraday's law-calculation based on them-their application, conduction in solution, specific, equivalent and molar conductance.
Principle of determination of specific conductance, Variation of conductance with concentration
Electrochemical cells (Elementary idea about Daniel cell only) Electrode potential and electromotive force, Gibb's free energy and cell potential, Redox titration (simple problems)
IONIC EQUILIBRIA
Acids, bases and salts and their dissociation in water, Ostwald's dilution law, Ionic product of water, pH, common-ion effect, solubility product application to analytical work, buffer solution, Mechanism of buffer action, handerson's equation, elementary idea of hydrolysis of salt in water.
Modern theories of acids and bases, Bronsted and Lawry and Lewis theory, Strnght of acids and bases in terms of normality, molarity and molality, Neutralization, Acidimetry and Alkalimentry, calculation based on them. Oxidation-Reduction-Redox equation, ion-electron method of balancing.
NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
General characteristic of radioactivity-natural and artificial radio activity, elementary treatment nuclear reactions and equation. Half life period, radio active isotopes-uses.
HYDROGEN
Heavy water production and uses, Hydrogen peroxide-structure, preparation properties and uses, volume strength of H2O2
OXYGEN FAMILY
Ozone-preparation, properties, uses, Sulphuric acid principle, contact process
NITROGEN FAMILY
Artificial fixation of Nitogen/ NH3- manufacture by Haber's process/ Nitric acid preparation from Ammonia, properties/ Oxides of Nitrogen/ Allotropes of Phoshorous, Minerals of Phosphorous/ Orthophosphoric acid
HALOGEN FAMILY
Properties of halogens in the light of the periodic table, Preparation of fluorine and Hydrofluoric acid, Reaction of fluorine, general method of preparation of chlorine, Bromine and iodine, Halogen acids preparation, properties and uses.
NOBLE GASES
Positions in the periodic table, isolation of Argon and uses of noble gases, Compounds of noble gas-Xenon fluorides preparation and properties.
METALS AND METALURGICAL
Operation, Ores, Concentration of ores, General method of extraction of metal, Carbon reduction/ electrolysis/ Self-reduction/ (Examples from sodium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Copper, Silver, Zinc, Tin, Lead and Iron)/ study of important compounds.
Sodium carbonate, Plaster of Paris, Bleaching powder, blue vitriol, green vitriol, white vitriol, alum, borax, white lead, (preparation and uses), Alloys- Brass, Bronze, Solder, Duralumin, Stainless steel, nichrome (composition, use)
CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS
Hydrocarbon as simplest organic compounds, types of hydrocarbon, homologous series
(a) Alkane, Alkene, Alkyne-study of orbital depiction of methane, ethane, acetylene, IUPAC nomenclature, structural formulae, isomerism, Structural isomerism, general methods of preparation, General properties, substitution reaction, addition reaction and polymerization, elementary idea about steriomerism and elimination reaction.
(b) Arenes, delocalisation of electrons, infenzene, Resonance aromatility idea.
(c) Elementary idea about the following concept-Reactivity of Organic compounds-inductive effect, measometic effect and electromeric effect. Type of organic reagents, nucleophile and electrophile, Reaction intermediates, Carbocation, Carboanion and free radical, Mechanism of electrophile, nucleophilic and free radical substitution reaction (Friedal Craft's alkylation of benzene, alkaline, hydrolysis of bromoethane of chlorination of methane)
DERIVATIVES OF HYDROCARBON
1. Alkyl and aryl halides, General method of preparation and general properties, Chloroform-preparation, properties
2. Oxygen containing organic compounds
Alcohol and phenol-classification, nomenclature, preparation and properties, and general properties, Glycerol-preparation, properties.
Ethers, aldehyde and ketone-preparation and properties, nature of the carbonyl group
Carboxylic acid-preparation, derivatives of carboxylic acids-chlorides, acid anyhydride, ester amides (general study), Oxalic acid.
3. Nitrogen containing compounds: - Aliphatic and aromatic amines, ailine classification, preparation of ethylamine and aniline, properties, Hoffman's reaction
INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY (Chemistry in the service of man)
(a) Manufacture of ammonia and sulphuric acid (contact process) physico-chemical principle only.
(b) Ethyl alcohol-by fermentation of starch
(c) Synthetic polymers-nylon, bakelite, rubber
(d) Chemical fertilizers- Muriate of potash, Potassium nitrate, Urea, super phosphate of lime, ammonium sulphate
(e) Soaps and detergents (details of manufacture not necessary)
(f) Fuels-classification, calorific value, natural gas, water gas, producer gas, LPG, power alcohol, (Petroleum refining, cracking, Octane number and flash point)
BIO-CHEMISTRY
Carbohydrate, Lipids, Vitamins, Hormones, proteins, Nucleic acid definition and importance in living system (no structural formula necessary) vitamins and hormones-sources and functions
Medical compounds:- Antiseptic, Analgesic, antipyretics, antibiotics, anaesthetics, Sulpha drug general idea only
GENERAL ASPECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Its adverse effect in daily life, green house effect, Ozone layer depletion.
Introductory Biology
Meaning of Life:/ The molecular basis of life/ continuity of life… Life as an expression of energy../ Steady state and homoestasis, self duplication/ Adaptation/ Death- a positive consequence of life, Positive and negative aspect of progress in biological science, tools and techniques in biological studies ( a brief outline about light and electron microscopy, and uses of chromatography, calorimetry, auto radiography)
Identification of human responsibility in shaping our future.
Cell Biology & Biochemistry
Cell as a unit of life/ cell theory and exception to cell theory/ cell as a self-contained unit/ Commonness of cell/ Concept of cellular totipotency
Cell Types: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes/ Ultra structure of plant and animal cell.
Cellular organelles: their ultra-structure and function/ Biomolecules of the cells, chemistry and functions of Inorganic Minerals, water, gases.
Organic: Mono and oligosaccharides, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol, nucleotides.
Complex organic components: Polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids.
Enzymes: Chemical nature, classification, properties mechanism of action (elementary idea only)
Vitamins: Chemical nature, deficiency diseases, Membrance transport an elementary idea
Cellular respiration: fermentation, biological oxidation (glycolysis, kreb cycle and electron transport system)
Cell cycle, cell division: Mitotic and Meoitic process, differences and significance
Taxonomy
Enormous diversity in living organism and need for their classification, principles of classification and concept of species, taxon and category hierarchical level, nomenclature
System of classification-artificial, natural, phyllogentic and modern trends.
Classification of plant kingdom
Five kingdom concept-a brief idea of different kingdoms.
Diversity of Life: Virus- structure and reproduction; Monera- structure and reproduction of bacteria, cyanobacteria (Anabeana)
Protista
Structure and life history of diatoms
Structure locomotion, nutrition, osmoregulation and reproduction of Amoeba
Life history of malarial parasite
Fungi : a brief account of Zygomycetes, Ascomytes, Basidiomycetes (with special reference to mucor, yeast and Agaricus, Lichen and mycorrhiza)
Plantae: Green algas (chlamydomonous, Red algae and brown algae (general account)
Bryophytes: (Moss-polytrichum); Pteridophytes: (Fern-poly podium); Gymnosperm (pine) and Angiosperm: (General account of their basic features, types and habitats)
Animalia: Animal body pattern and symmetry, Body cavity of invertebrates and vertebrates.
Classification of animal kingdom, important features with reference to habitat and examples of phyla: porifera, coelentrata, helminthes, annelida, mollusca, arthopoda, echinodermata and chordata (including pisces, amphibia, reptilia, aves and mammalia)
Forms and function: Roots, Stem, Leaf (including modification), Phyllotaxy.
Reproduction and development in angiosperm: Asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction structure and function of flower, inflorescence, sporogenesis, gametogenesis, pollination, fertilization, development of embryo, endosperm, seed and fruit, forms of fruit, mechanism of seed dispersal, defensive mechanism.
Tissue in flowering plants-meristematic and permanent tissue, tissue system, secondary growth, typical organization of tissue in stem (example sunflower, maize, curcurbita), root (example monocot and dicot root), leaf (example-isobilateral and dorsiventral)
PHSIOLOGY
(a) water relation of plant life (b) absorption of water and minerals, their transport (ascent of sap) (c) Transpiration-mechanism factor and significance (d) Mineral nutrition-mineral nutrition and its essentially in plants. (e) Photosynthesis-photochemical and biochemical phases, diversity in photosynthetic pathways, Photosynthetic electron transport, photophosphorylation, Photorespiration (brief) (f) Translocation of food (g) Special modes of nutrition in plant (brief) (h) Plant growth (i) Plant hormones and growth-regulation, agricultural use of synthetic hormones (j) Germination and dormancy of seeds. (k) Photoperiodism and vernalization (i) Plant movements- a brief account.
ANIMAL LIFE
(i) Animal tissue, Epithelial, Connective, muscular and nervous
(ii) Nutrition- different types; digestive system and process of digestion in invertebrates (Cockroach)
Digestive- system: of goroi fish, toad and Man; process of digestion and absorption in mammal (with reference to mammal)
Respiratory system: structure of respiratory organs, mechanism of breathing, gaseous transport.
Circulatory system: composition, structure and function of blood, coagulation of blood; group and its significance; blood vessels; structure and pumping action of heart; lymph.
Excretory system: structure and histology of kidney, nephron, its structure and function, composition of urine; role of skin and lung in excretion.
Nervous system: central, peripheral and automatic nervous system, reflex action
Sense organ: an elementary knowledge
Endocrine system: hormones and their function of pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, islet of langherans, adrenal and gonads.
Reproduction and development of animal life: Asexual and sexual reproduction, gametogenesis, reproductive cycle of human; fertilization, a brief account of development up to germinal layers in mammal.
ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LIFE
Origin of life: Oparin and Miller-Urey's experiment.
Organic evolution: evidences of organic evolution (fossil evidences, embryological evidence, evidences from morphology and comparative anatomy) Theories of organic evolution with special reference to Darwin's theory of natural selection elucidating (a) Common ancestry (b) mechanism of variation and natural selection (c) Origin of species, Reproduction and geographic isolation and speciation.
Genetical basis of evolution, Lederbergs' experiment on micro ecolution.
Continuity of Life:
Mendel's experiment with garden pea, idea of factor, laws of inheritance, Monohybrid and dihybrid ratio, incomplete dominance, multiple factor.
Chromosomes: Eukaryotic and prokaryotic and special Chromosomes, function of chromosomes, chromosomal basis of inheritance. Linkage, crossing over and recombination, sex determination and sex-linked-inheritance, human genetics with reference to some genetic diseases & genetic replication.
DNA: as a genetic material, evidence from bacterial transformation and viral replication, structure and replication of DNA, Genetic code and protein synthesis, genetic engineering.
Environmental Biology & Conservation of Nature & Natural Resources: Component and basic features of ecosystem, biotic and abiotic factors, ecological succession, major ecosystems (a brief outline), man-make ecosystem, ecological cries, concept of Biosphere, bio-geochemical cycle, (Carbon, Nitrogen cycle), interdependence of all organisms.
Natural resources: Renewable and nonrenewable and their conservation, importance of forests.
Conservation of wildlife: Causes of extinction of some wild life, concept of endangered species, with reference to some example from NE Region of India, Conservation strategy, Concept of Sanctuary and National Park, Sanctuaries and National Parks of Assam with their wild life, fauna.
Environmental pollution: Air, Water, Soil and Noise pollution.
Application of Biology: Bioenergy, biofertilizer, Industrial microbiology and biotechnology-scope and application, Plant breeding and improvement of crop.
Sources of the following plant resources, their uses with special reference to NE India.
Medicine, Timber and Fibres.
Plant diseases: late blight of potato, rust of wheat, blast of rice, their causative organism, symptoms and control.
Elementary knowledge of fresh water fish culture, induced breeding, sericulture with reference to muga and sericulture.
Human diseases: cholera, amoebiasis, tuberculosis, Hepatitis, AIDS, Leprosy, Cancer, their cause, symptoms and control.
Immunization: Principles and significance.
Human population: Growth, problems and control.
PHYSICS
Units, Dimensions and Dimensional equations Displacement, Speed Velocity, equation of motion, Vector and Scalar quantities composition (addition and subtraction), Resolution vectors and scalar products of Vectors.
Newton's law of motion, centifugal and centripetal force, angular momemtum, conservation of angular momemtum, moment of inertia, definition and expression for ring and circular disc.
Universal law of gravitation, planetary motion Kepler's law, Laws of gravity, free falling bodies, projectile, mass and weight, center of gravity, artificial satellite, orbilat velocity, geostationery satellite.
Concepts of work, energy, power, kinetic and potential energy, other forms of energy, Gravitational potential energy, escape velocity, conservation of energy, elastic and inelastic collision.
The three states of matter in terms of intermolecular binding forces, crystalline structure of solids, idea of lattice and unit cell, Hook's law, bulk and rigidity modulus (concept only).
Surface tension, surface energy, angle of contact, capillary Viscosity phenomena, Stokes law, Benaullis equation.
Liquid pressure, Pascal's Law, principle of working of Hydraulic press, Jacks and Brakes, Buoyancy and Archimedis's principle; floating bodies and condition of equilibrium, specific gravity and density. Atmospheric pressure; barometer, principle of working of lift pump and siphon.
Heat as kinetic energy of molecular motion, distinction between heat and temperature, Kelvin, Absolute temperature, relation with Celsius scale, alcohol thermometer.
Line as surface, volume expansion of solids and their co-efficient measurement, co-efficient of linear expansion, Real and apparent volume expansion of liquid and their coefficient
Units of heat measurement, specific heat, thermal conductivity, water equivalent, determination of specific heat of solid and liquid by the method of mixture, Kinetic theory of gas, origin of gas pressure, concept of temperature from kinetic theory, translation of degrees of freedom, gas equations, specific heat of gases, relation between Cp & Cv.
1st law of thermodynamics, mechanical equivalent of heat, reversible and irreversible process, second law of thermodynamics, Carnot's cycle, concept of entropy, Kirchoff's law, Stefans law, black body radiation, pyrometer.
Simple harmonic motion, amplitude, frequency and time period of Oscillation, graphical and mathematical representation of simple harmonic motion, wave and wave propagation in material medium, Longitudinal and transverse wave, Reflection and refraction of sound velocity, frequency and phase of waves, velocity of sound in air, effect of temperature, pressure and humidity and wind velocity. Phenomena of production of facts, Doppler effect, ultrasonic sound, shock wave, Formation of reverberation, vibration of strings, Law of transverse vibration of string.
Laws of reflection, refraction, optical image formation, refraction through prism, minimum deviation, phenomena of dispersion of light, pure and impure spectrum, continuous and band line spectra, Emission and absorption spectra, Wave theory of light, defraction of light, Huyghen's principle, intereferen of light, Young's double's slit, Fraunhofer defraction, polarization of light.
Definitions of luminous flux, luminous intensity, illumination, Candella, lumen, lux, inverse square of illumination and its verification by Grease Spot photometre.
Camera and Human eye, defects of vision and correction by lenses, Persistance of vision, last distance of distinct vision, simple microaxopwa, compound microscope, magnifying power of microscopes, refracting telescope and reflecting telescope (Newtonion and Cassegrain).
Molecular theory of magnetism, Dia, para and feno-magnetism.
Electric current, thermal effect, Joule's law, See back effect, thermopile and uses for temperature measurement, chemical effect, Faraday's law of electrolysis.
Lenz's law, eddy current, Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, rotating coil in magnetic field, AC Transformer, long distance transmission, Dynomo, motors, self and mutual induction, reactance capacitum, impedence, elementary idea of electromagnetic wave and uses, Kirchoff's law, Ohm's law, Joule's law, electrical power, household electrical appliances.
Seeback effect, Paltier effect, Thomson effect, Thermocouple, Thermopile, Electro chemical equivalent electroplating, Faraday's laws of electrolysis, Thermonic ememission, diode as rectifier, triode as an amplifier
Semiconductor, n-type, p-type crystals, semiconductor diode as rectifier, PNP, NPN type transistor as amplifier, definition of obsercer, Moving frame of reference, Galiean Transformation, Newtonian relativity, principle nature of light (deduction not necessary), Cathode rays, discovery of electron, determination of e/m for electron, Rutherford scattering, Bohr's atom model spectrum of Hydrogen, x-ray production and properties, Cyclotron T.V.
Photoelectric effect, laws of photoelectric emission, dual nature of radition and matter-Broglie relation,
Discovery of radioactivity, emission of LBY radiation, spontaneous disintegration, artificial radioactivity, biological application, units of radioactivity, Radio isotopes and their uses.
Structure of nuclears, mass defect, binding energy, nuclear reaction, chain reaction, controlled chain reaction, fission reactor, fusion energy, generation in the some accelerator, cosmic rays, elementary particles
CHEMISTRY
STATES OF MATTER, KINETIC THEORY OF GASES, POSTULATES, KINETIC EQUATION.Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, Ideal gas equation, Avogadro's Law of Molar gas constant, Graham's law of diffusion, Dalton's Law of partial pressure, Avogadro's hypothesis and Number, Mole Concept, gram atom, gram molecular mass, simple calculation based on them, Kinetic theory of gases-postulation (derivation of Kinetic equation is not required), explanation of Boyle's law, Charles' law, Dalton's law, partial pressure, Graham's law of diffusion and Avogadro's law (based on kinetic equation), simple calculation on kinetic equation.
Deviation from ideal behaviour- Vander-Waal's equation, Properties of liquids, elementary idea of vapour pressure, surface tension and viscosity.
The solid state-classification of solids, crystal lattice of ionic compounds and unit cells, packing of constituent particles in Crystal (hcp, bcc and fcc system)
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Electronic configuration, postulates of Bohr's model of Hydrogen atom, Quantam Numbers (qualitative treatment only), wave particle, dualism of matter-de Broglie equation, Uncertainty principle, orbit and orbital, Shape of S and P-orbitals.
Aufbau's principle, Pauli's exclusion principle, Hund's rule- electronic configuration based on them.
PERIODIC CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS
Modern periodic Table, Long form of periodic table-main features, classification into s, p, d, f blocks, Periodicity of property-atomic radii, electro-negativity, electron affinity, Ionization energy (qualitative treatment only), Transitional metals (only 3d series)- Characteristic properties.
CHEMICAL BONDING
Ionic and covalent bond properties, Valence-bond theory, Sigma and Pi-bonds, Hybridization and shapes of simple molecules, VSEPR theory, Molecular orbit, theory of simple diatomic molecules, Polarity of bond, Hydrogen bond, metallic bond, co-ordibnate covalent bond.
CHEMICAL REACTION
First and Second law of thermodynamics, Exothermic and Endothermic reaction, Enthalpy of formation, combustion, fusion, vaporization, Hess's law of Heat summation, Simple calculation, Elementary idea about entropy and free energy, spontaneity of chemical reaction.
CHEMICAL KINECTICS
Rate of chemical reaction, Law of mass action- rate laws and rate constants, Molecularity and order of a reaction, First Order reaction, Factors affecting rates, activation energy, role of catalyst, Simple problems, Effects of temperature on reaction, rate arrhenius equation.
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Dynamic nature, Le-Chatelier's principles, factors affecting state of equilibrium (a) temperature (b) pressure (c) Concentration (d) Catalyst (application manufacture of Ammonia, Sulphuric Acid)SOLUTIONS
Types of solutions, Henry's law and Raoult's Law, colligative properties of dilute solutions, Osmosis, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, Raoulte's law (Derivation not required)SURFACE CHEMISTRY
Adsorption-physical and chemical adsorption, Factors affecting adsorption, Colloids, Emulsions surfactants micelles (definition and examples only)
ELECTRO CHEMISTRY
Electrolysis- Faraday's law-calculation based on them-their application, conduction in solution, specific, equivalent and molar conductance.
Principle of determination of specific conductance, Variation of conductance with concentration
Electrochemical cells (Elementary idea about Daniel cell only) Electrode potential and electromotive force, Gibb's free energy and cell potential, Redox titration (simple problems)
IONIC EQUILIBRIA
Acids, bases and salts and their dissociation in water, Ostwald's dilution law, Ionic product of water, pH, common-ion effect, solubility product application to analytical work, buffer solution, Mechanism of buffer action, handerson's equation, elementary idea of hydrolysis of salt in water.
Modern theories of acids and bases, Bronsted and Lawry and Lewis theory, Strnght of acids and bases in terms of normality, molarity and molality, Neutralization, Acidimetry and Alkalimentry, calculation based on them. Oxidation-Reduction-Redox equation, ion-electron method of balancing.
NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
General characteristic of radioactivity-natural and artificial radio activity, elementary treatment nuclear reactions and equation. Half life period, radio active isotopes-uses.
HYDROGEN
Heavy water production and uses, Hydrogen peroxide-structure, preparation properties and uses, volume strength of H2O2
OXYGEN FAMILY
Ozone-preparation, properties, uses, Sulphuric acid principle, contact process
NITROGEN FAMILY
Artificial fixation of Nitogen/ NH3- manufacture by Haber's process/ Nitric acid preparation from Ammonia, properties/ Oxides of Nitrogen/ Allotropes of Phoshorous, Minerals of Phosphorous/ Orthophosphoric acid
HALOGEN FAMILY
Properties of halogens in the light of the periodic table, Preparation of fluorine and Hydrofluoric acid, Reaction of fluorine, general method of preparation of chlorine, Bromine and iodine, Halogen acids preparation, properties and uses.
NOBLE GASES
Positions in the periodic table, isolation of Argon and uses of noble gases, Compounds of noble gas-Xenon fluorides preparation and properties.
METALS AND METALURGICAL
Operation, Ores, Concentration of ores, General method of extraction of metal, Carbon reduction/ electrolysis/ Self-reduction/ (Examples from sodium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Copper, Silver, Zinc, Tin, Lead and Iron)/ study of important compounds.
Sodium carbonate, Plaster of Paris, Bleaching powder, blue vitriol, green vitriol, white vitriol, alum, borax, white lead, (preparation and uses), Alloys- Brass, Bronze, Solder, Duralumin, Stainless steel, nichrome (composition, use)
CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS
Hydrocarbon as simplest organic compounds, types of hydrocarbon, homologous series
(a) Alkane, Alkene, Alkyne-study of orbital depiction of methane, ethane, acetylene, IUPAC nomenclature, structural formulae, isomerism, Structural isomerism, general methods of preparation, General properties, substitution reaction, addition reaction and polymerization, elementary idea about steriomerism and elimination reaction.
(b) Arenes, delocalisation of electrons, infenzene, Resonance aromatility idea.
(c) Elementary idea about the following concept-Reactivity of Organic compounds-inductive effect, measometic effect and electromeric effect. Type of organic reagents, nucleophile and electrophile, Reaction intermediates, Carbocation, Carboanion and free radical, Mechanism of electrophile, nucleophilic and free radical substitution reaction (Friedal Craft's alkylation of benzene, alkaline, hydrolysis of bromoethane of chlorination of methane)
DERIVATIVES OF HYDROCARBON
1. Alkyl and aryl halides, General method of preparation and general properties, Chloroform-preparation, properties
2. Oxygen containing organic compounds
Alcohol and phenol-classification, nomenclature, preparation and properties, and general properties, Glycerol-preparation, properties.
Ethers, aldehyde and ketone-preparation and properties, nature of the carbonyl group
Carboxylic acid-preparation, derivatives of carboxylic acids-chlorides, acid anyhydride, ester amides (general study), Oxalic acid.
3. Nitrogen containing compounds: - Aliphatic and aromatic amines, ailine classification, preparation of ethylamine and aniline, properties, Hoffman's reaction
INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY (Chemistry in the service of man)
(a) Manufacture of ammonia and sulphuric acid (contact process) physico-chemical principle only.
(b) Ethyl alcohol-by fermentation of starch
(c) Synthetic polymers-nylon, bakelite, rubber
(d) Chemical fertilizers- Muriate of potash, Potassium nitrate, Urea, super phosphate of lime, ammonium sulphate
(e) Soaps and detergents (details of manufacture not necessary)
(f) Fuels-classification, calorific value, natural gas, water gas, producer gas, LPG, power alcohol, (Petroleum refining, cracking, Octane number and flash point)
BIO-CHEMISTRY
Carbohydrate, Lipids, Vitamins, Hormones, proteins, Nucleic acid definition and importance in living system (no structural formula necessary) vitamins and hormones-sources and functions
Medical compounds:- Antiseptic, Analgesic, antipyretics, antibiotics, anaesthetics, Sulpha drug general idea only
GENERAL ASPECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Its adverse effect in daily life, green house effect, Ozone layer depletion.
